Communication- Cultural Influences - 1970 Words

Write an essay about the social context of communication and how cultural influences shape how people communicate with each other In today’s 21st Century society through our day-to-day lives we encounter many different people from many different cultural backgrounds. It is almost inevitable that we will have to communicate with at least one other person on any given day. Whether this is at work, at school, while out shopping, or even when talking on the telephone, communication is vital in order to ensure that our wants and needs can be met and also to voice an opinion. As â€Å"different cultures have different approaches to communication† (Thompson, 2003 pg. 29), there will often be times when our interpretations of something communicated†¦show more content†¦As we integrate these different values and beliefs as our own we begin to establish a sense of unified belonging to those that share the same thoughts, beliefs, values and ideas as ourselves. In other words culture helps by â€Å"making the world a less mysterious and frightening place† (Thompson, 2003, pg 35), and also help s us to see the world as a bit more safe and predictable. As with the communication process cultural perceptions and behaviours can either be learnt sub-consciously or consciously. For example a consciously learnt behaviour might be a parent teaching a child how to brush their teeth, and a sub-consciously learnt perception might be that it is ok to objectify women, through watching multiple television advertisements. It is of importance to note that both of these examples; as with lots of important messages of a culture get repeated and reinforced. Because â€Å"it is through cultural signs and symbols that we are so often able to communicate with one another† (Thompson, 2003, pg 15), it is almost a given that in intercultural communication we will encounter barriers which will need to be overcome in order for communication to be productive. In order for effective intercultural communication to occur one must be aware of the different aspects of communication. These can include but are not limited to language usage, types of non-verbalShow MoreRelatedCultural Influence: Arab vs. English Communication Styles4001 Words   |  16 Pagesï » ¿Cultural Influence: Arab vs. English Communication Styles According to Joanna Jaworowska a speech act is simply   a minimal functional unit in human communication. Fundamentally, a speech act is the smallest form of communication. According to Austins theory (1962), any given speech act has three possible meanings: the propositional meaning, the illocutionary meaning, and the perlocutionary meaning (Jaworowska). For instance, the literal meaning might be: its cold in here. The illocutionaryRead MoreCross Cultural Perspectives Of Culture Essay1550 Words   |  7 PagesCross-Cultural Perspectives-900 words Culture refers to the values, rules, norms and behaviour as well as their products that govern the lifestyles of an individual or group. Cultural rules and behaviour are inherited from past generations, may be learned from others and are transmitted to other generation. Additionally, they embody the symbols and systems through which communication, attitudes and knowledge about life takes place. The set a certain group of people apart from others because the manifestationRead MoreAnalysis Of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie s Ted Talk, The Danger Of A Single Story1237 Words   |  5 Pagesproves how stories influence the way we perceive the world. She describes the single story as a narrative that surrounds only one perspective. The objective of her speech is to inform her audience that assuming something is true based on a single piece of information gives us incomplete and incorrect perceptions. Society is an accumulation of social stories, it is never just one thing. There are multiple, contingent and overlapping ways to experience and articulate cultural identity (Delgado,Read MoreVirtual Information Project Teams : Virtual Team1360 Words   |  6 Pagesshortcomings. Having a team of individuals with various personalities, perceptions, and values can cause assimilation to become difficult. During an individual’s lifetime, some remarkable human assets are acquired, resulting in the creation of his or her cultural background. National culture can be present on any team, but most teams are formed with members belonging to the same city or state, which makes it easier to arrange. However, a virtual team with a national culture is a more difficult concept toRead MoreUnderstanding Cultures And Intercultural Communication1512 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"Understanding cultures and intercultural communication in terms of countries and nationalities is no longer relevant or effective.† Evaluate this statement, referring to relevant theories and using examples where appropriate. Student ID: 6749473 Academic subject: MSC Accounting and Financial Management Word count: 1511 Topicï ¼Å¡Ã¢â‚¬Å"Understanding cultures and intercultural communication in terms of countries and nationalities is no longer relevant or effective.† Evaluate this statement, referringRead MoreThe Term â€Å"Culture† Refers To The Complex Accumulation Of1415 Words   |  6 Pagesordinary things? Core values influence actions, and we act in ways that we believe hold the most useful means of satisfying needs. Values influence behavior. They are why we do what we do, say what we do, and think as we do. How a society perceives personal values and norms can drastically change how things are interpreted and could be offensive to some. Meanings and connotations in many gestures and words are not the same universally. Understanding through Communication Many people think that underneathRead More The Anxiety/Uncertainty Management Theory Essay686 Words   |  3 Pagesextended to interpersonal communication between two people from different cultures. Uncertainty refers to how well you can accurately predict how strangers will behave during their initial interaction and the ability to explain the strangers behavior. Research on uncertainty reduction theory has been limited to attitude similarity. 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Cross cultural communication studies how people from different countries, social status, and upbringing interact with each other In this new era of globalization cross cultural communication in organization it is not no longer a theory because of all the transformation that are happening are in the world we live in. People from different backgroundsRead MoreA Brief Note On Cross Cultural Communication Within The Company1686 Words   |  7 PagesProblems or difficulties of cross-cultural communication within the company Language problem and other difficulties. English is the communication language within the company but it’s not native for the Russian managers. Therefore, they admit some difficulties related to this, such as sometimes it’s necessary to ask for the details from their American colleagues to understand their requests better. American managers admit the language difficulties as well but they understand that it’s not easy to

A Woman Can Get Hurt Advertising And Violence, By Jean...

â€Å"Sex in advertising is more about disconnection and distance than connection and closeness. It is also more often about power than passion, about violence than violins† (491). Media has developed an abusive view on women, particularly on their bodies and their sexuality. Not only does it judge women on their bodies and sexuality, media also undermines women’s intelligence and glorifies rape and violence. Media has made girls and boys think that it is okay to rape and be violent in a relationships. Media has also formed the idea that sex is the most important thing in a relationship, which is ruining relationships. The article, â€Å"Two Ways a Woman Can Get Hurt: Advertising and Violence,† by Jean Kilbourne examines how women are portrayed in†¦show more content†¦This is achieved by objectifying people. As Kilbourne argues â€Å"Sex in advertising is pornographic because it dehumanizes and objectifies people† (Kilbourne, 491-2). The mass med ia is blatantly objectifying people, which is wrong. We all know it to be wrong. So why then, do we allow it to continue? Perhaps this is because the objectification of people has become so commonplace in our society that we just accept it? However, that doesn’t make it right. Kilbourne s image of the media is chilling. But, perhaps it is necessary. People need to act against the mass media. Or they will just keep at it until we are nothing but sex objects. Sexual assault and violence is increasing due to advertisements misinforming people into believing that such behavior is acceptable. â€Å"In the 1960’s Kilbourne found that she received more recognition for her looks rather than her intelligence† (Grean and Lidinisky, 490). Perhaps this is why Kilbourne wrote her book, Deadly Persuasion, analyzing this problem. Kilbourne found herself in the environment bubble the media is creating where the objective analysis of people is acceptable. Kilbourne’s book is an attempt to bring awareness towards how much harm the media’s portrayal of people is generating. Kilbourne’s book is mainly targeted towards women, and is trying to spur them towards action in an attempt to change the world and, moreShow MoreRelatedTwo Ways a Woman Can Get Hurt: Advertising and Violence Essay688 Words   |  3 PagesIn â€Å"Two Ways a Woman Can get Hurt: Advertising and Violence,† the author Jean Kilbourne describes how advertising and violence is a big problem for women. Although her piece is a little scrambled, she tries to organize it with different types of advertisement. Women are seen as sex objects when it comes to advertising name brand products. Corporate representatives justify selling and marketing for a product by how a woman looks. Kilbourne explains how the media is a big influence on how men perceiveRead MoreMedia s Effect On Society1496 Words   |  6 Pagesan image. Violence is persuasive and now a troubling aspect of the new world. Media shows us that women need to have the newest trends and ultra-thin bodies to be considered beautiful in society. It tells us that the most important thing is our image. Jean Kilbourne talks about how the image of woman has changed so much over the last twenty years. Woman’s bodies haven’t changed what changed is the ideal body. Media creates a climate where there is a wide spread of violence against woman. Ads don’tRead MoreTw o Ways a Woman Can Get Hurt1060 Words   |  5 PagesIn Jean Kilbourne’s essay, â€Å"Two Ways a Woman Can Get Hurt†: Advertising and Violence, she paints a picture of repression, abuse, and objectification of women. Kilbourne gives an eye-opening view to the way American advertisers portray women and girls. Throughout the essay she has images that depict women in compromising poses. These images are examples of how often we see women in dehumanizing positions in advertisements and how desensitized we have become. Kilbourne implores us to take the mediaRead MoreAnalysis on Kilbournes Argument Essay1430 Words   |  6 PagesViolence is everywhere in the United States of America. Many people in America and around the world have been a victim or know someone who has been a victim of violence. Over 22 million women in the United States have been raped in their lifetime according to the website, Victims of Crime. This number is significant. Advertisements could play a role in making violence more acceptable in our society. PETA, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, is known for having shocking advertisements. ThisRead MoreAnalysis Of Jean Kilbourne s Two Ways A Woman Can Get Hurt Essay1669 Words   |  7 PagesJean Kilbourne’s essay Two Ways a Woman Can Get Hurt is a powerful piece of work that brings the problems of the sexualization and objectification of women and children in advertising out in the open. Kilbourne states that this pornographic advertising is promoting male dominance over women, and in return promoting male violence against women. Domestic abuse and violence against women have always been a problem, but the media may be making it worse. Her audience is middle-aged and younger women whoRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article The Wonder Woman Precedent : Female Heroism On Trial714 Words   |  3 PagesIn the article â€Å"The Wonder Woman Precedent: Female (Super)Heroism on Trial†, Julie O’Reilly makes a clear argument that females have to constantly prove themselves worthy while men just get to choose to be heroes, no questions asked. In the article â€Å"Two Way a Woman Can Get Hurt: Advertising and Violence†, Jean Kilbourne argues that there is violence in our culture, particularly sexualized violence controlled by the media. With the help of Kilbourne’s article, it emphasizes clearly that women areRead MoreBite of Twilight1489 Words   |  6 Pagesprofessor of English and women’s studies at Bell State University, and Two Ways a Women Can Get Hurt, written by Jean Kilbourne who is an award winning author and educator, the idea of feminism in today’s media is questioned. Seiring writes about a popular book, titled Twilight, and how the main female character of the novel goes against the idea of feminism. Kilbourne, however, writes about how advertising in today’s society is portraying women in a distinctively non-feminist way. Both authorsRe ad MoreGender Roles And Relations Between Women And Women903 Words   |  4 Pageslevel the declared rights and opportunities and today the women as social communities don t have access to different social status, resources, privileges, prestige and power. Today the aim is to identify the most common gender stereotypes used in advertising, and determine their impact on the integration of the individuals in society. Current priorities in the education of boys and girls are not hard to consolidate standards of masculinity and femininity, but is to explore potential partnershipsRead MoreViolence in Advertising: Are They Selling Rape and Violence Against Women?1622 Words   |  7 PagesAdvertising is one of the most popular ways to promote a product. Through advertisement the creators of these products can make millions of dollars, depending on how successful their advertisements are. But are the advertisement selling a product that will help them or are they selling violence and sex? Many ads can influence people in different ways. One of these ways is to show women as objects of rape and sexual abuse. In, â€Å"Two Ways a Woman Can Get Hurt† Kilbourne talks about how many ads useRead MoreEssay about Two Ways a Woman Can Get Hurt by Jean Kilbourne1577 Words   |  7 PagesFor the longest time now, advertising has played a huge role in how we identify ourselves in the United St ates with the American culture, and how others identify themselves with all the cultures of the rest of the world as well. It guides us in making everyday decisions, such as what items we definitely need to invest our money on, how to dress in-vogue, and what mindset we should have to prosper the most. Although advertising does help make life easier for most, at the same time it has negative

BIO Notes On Organic Chemistry Essay Research free essay sample

BIO Notes On Organic Chemistry Essay, Research Paper The chemical science of life ( Populating things made largely of saccharides, fat and protein ) CARBOHYDRATES energy manufacturer # 183 ; Contain C, H and O # 183 ; Glucose is the simplest ( dissolves easy in H2O ) monosaccharose # 183 ; Starch is besides common ( solid, tonss of glucose molecules in a concatenation ( condensation ) ) disaccharide # 183 ; Starch is broken down into glucose as good ( add H2O # 224 ; hydrolysis ) FAT energy manufacturer insularity and energy shop # 183 ; Contain C, H and O # 183 ; Contains more C + H # 183 ; Fat molecule is made up of glycerin and fatty acids. # 183 ; Condensation and hydrolysis drama parts here? Protein # 183 ; Contain C, H, O, N ( and sulfur ) # 183 ; Made of blocks ( aminic acids ) and links ( peptide links ) # 183 ; 22 amino acids in nature # 183 ; Hydrolysis # 224 ; concatenation of proteins split ( polypeptides ) so broken to little amino acids # 183 ; Reverse in condensation # 183 ; Soluble proteins make up enzymes. # 183 ; Denaturalisation occurs when molecule form alterations when heated. Chemical Chemical reaction # 183 ; Occur chiefly in intestine and cells # 183 ; Chemical reactions in cells is metamorphosis # 183 ; Interrupting down or connection options # 183 ; All reactions are catalysed by enzymes. Enzymes Importance # 183 ; To rush up reactions # 183 ; They are biological accelerators # 183 ; TYPES Extracellular enzymes are produced and leave cell to work outside # 183 ; Intracellular enzymes work indoors cell ENZYME CONTROLLED REACTION # 183 ; Maltose ( substrate ) # 224 ; maltase ( enzyme ) # 224 ; glucose ( merchandise ) Property # 183 ; Always proteins # 183 ; Specific # 183 ; Reclaimable # 183 ; Destroyed by heat over 45 Celsius # 183 ; Sensitive to pH HOW DO THEY Work? # 183 ; Enzyme molecule has active site # 183 ; Substrate fits into active site # 183 ; Reaction takes topographic point # 183 ; Merchandises leave site. Helping HINDERING # 183 ; Anything which helps substrate range enzyme speeds up reaction # 183 ; Poisons halt temporarily/ for good the active site ENZYME Use # 183 ; Biological lavation pulverizations # 183 ; Tendering meats, clambering fish, taking hairs # 183 ; Softening veggies, taking seed coats # 183 ; Syrups, fruit-juices, cocoas Food and Diet OUR DIET # 183 ; Carbohydrates # 183 ; Fats # 183 ; Proteins # 183 ; Water # 183 ; Minerals # 183 ; Vitamins Carbohydrates # 183 ; Sugar gives energy # 183 ; Starch are usually found in little grains called amylum granules they besides give us energy # 183 ; Cellulose for workss make a cell wall for worlds it makes a dietetic fiber maintaining the nutrient traveling along the intestine Fat # 183 ; Chiefly give us energy # 183 ; Saturated means that there is no more room for atoms to add on to the bing molecule. # 183 ; Unsaturated is the antonym. Protein # 183 ; Needed for growing fix and little sums of energy # 183 ; Kwashiorkor # 224 ; disease with the deficiency of protein # 183 ; Proteins are made of aminic acids # 183 ; Essential amino acids are 1s we can non do but alternatively take in digestively Water # 183 ; Absolutely indispensable # 183 ; Needed in all life signifiers and contained in largely all substances Minerals # 183 ; Sodium. Is a salt. It helps messages to be sent and musculus contraction. Lack of causes spasms in musculuss # 183 ; Calcium used for indurating our castanetss and dentitions. Hardening can merely take topographic point when they take up Ca phosphate and carbonate ( calcification ) . Lack of causes rachitiss ( soft, weak, distorted castanetss ) . # 183 ; Phosphorus. We need it to be absorbed into the Ca. It occurs in membranes. # 183 ; Iron. Present in hemoglobin ( conveyances O2 ) . Lack of cause anemia: less O2 transported, less energy. # 183 ; Iodine. Trace component: needed in bantam measures. We get from sea nutrient and imbibing H2O. Needed to do tetraiodothyronine. Lack of causes goitre or? Derbyshire cervix? : puffiness of thyroid secretory organ next to Adam? s apple. # 183 ; Fluorine. Trace component. Prevents tooth decay. Vitamins # 183 ; Collection of organic substances which control reactions in the organic structure. # 183 ; ( A ) . Vitamin a1: of import for our eyes. Lack of causes night-blindness or xerophthalmus. Fat soluble # 183 ; ( B ) . Niac in ( nicotinic acid ) . Lack of: Pellagra. Vitamin b1: deficiency of is Beri-beri. Vitamin b2: causes sores in tegument around oral cavity. Water soluble # 183 ; ( C ) . Ascorbic acid. Keep epithelial tissue healthy. Lack of cause scorbutus: hemorrhage in assorted parts of the organic structure. Water soluble # 183 ; ( D ) . Calciferol. Helps child? s castanetss become strong. Lack of cause rachitiss. Can be obtained from fish liver oil or the organic structure through sunshine. Fat soluble # 183 ; ( E ) . Found in milk and egg yolk. Lack of cause asepsis. Fat soluble # 183 ; ( K ) . Helps blood coagulum. Lack of causes internal, external hemorrhage. Fat-soluble. # 183 ; Composition of different nutrients helps us place utile substances. # 183 ; Vegetarian: eats no carnal meat but does eat merchandises. Vegans do non eat carnal merchandises. # 183 ; Food additives: substances that are added to nutrient. Some give alteration to color, gustatory sensation, saving or consistence. How substances are stored WHY DO ORGANISMS STORE SUBSTANCES? # 183 ; So that they can last when nutrient is unavailable or scarce # 183 ; Man can last several hebdomads WHERE ARE SUBSTANCES STORED? # 183 ; The chief storage topographic point is the liver for worlds. # 183 ; For workss they swell up and do the swelling the storage topographic point. The works storage organ can last rough conditions so a new works spouts and the nutrient is moved at that place. PLANTS STORAGE SYSTEM # 183 ; Green workss produce glucose that is either used heterosexual off or turned into amylum and converted back to glucose when needed. # 183 ; Other substances can be made from glucose in workss ( oil, sugar ) REQUIREMENTS FOR TURNING STARCH INTO GLUCOSE # 183 ; Enzyme # 183 ; Can be tested with amylum HOW STARCH IS TURNED INTO GLUCOSE # 183 ; Glucose molecules join together and gyrate up organizing a amylum grain ( condensation ) # 183 ; The amylum grain can de-coil and divide up organizing Glucose ( hydrolysis ) ANIMALS STORAGE SYSTEM # 183 ; Get glucose from nutrient # 183 ; They turn glucose into animal starch # 183 ; Glycogen is a bondage of glucose molecules linked together # 183 ; Stored in the liver # 183 ; It is besides stored as fat Mobilization # 183 ; This is when a solid signifier of nutrient has to be transported and it is broken down into a solution. # 183 ; Starch and animal starch are broken down into glucose. # 183 ; Fat is broken down into fatty acids and glycerin IMPORTANCE OF FOOD STORES # 183 ; Storage of nutrient in beings normally mean they are traveling to be packed together closely, this means anything like this can be a rich beginning for worlds Obtaining energy from nutrient FOOD CONTAINING ENERGY # 183 ; We can look into this by firing nutrient and gauging the sum of heat given out. ( kJ ) # 183 ; kJ per Gram carbohydrates-17, fat-39, protein-18 ENERGY CONTAINED IN FOOD # 183 ; determines how it should be cooked # 183 ; Depends on substances inside the nutrient. ENERGY PER DAY # 183 ; Basal metabolic rate: rate at which organic structure procedures take topographic point # 183 ; Approximately 7000kj per twenty-four hours if lying down making nil # 183 ; At least 9200 kJ per twenty-four hours for making nil but indispensable undertakings EXCESS Eating # 183 ; Most extra non used is turned into fat. Body weight additions # 183 ; Obesity is when we take in more energy ( through nutrient ) than we give out. # 183 ; More exercising, ingestion of less energy-containing nutrients halt or lessening fleshiness MINIMAL EATING ( STARVATION ) # 183 ; First energy shops from fat will be used up. # 183 ; Takes energy from musculuss # 183 ; Becomes thin and weak # 183 ; Anorexia nervosa: psychological loss of appetency # 183 ; Marasmus blowing off due to starvation Energy release-respiration FOOD Burning # 183 ; Oxygen is needed # 183 ; Carbon dioxide, H2O and heat are produced ENERGY PRODUCTION IN HUMANS # 183 ; C6H12O6 + 6O2 # 224 ; 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY # 183 ; We can look into the relationship between O2+CO2 and interrupting down of nutrient by utilizing radioactive tracers and mice. ENERGY USES # 183 ; Animal-movement, messages, transit, heat, growing, cell division, osmosis, and life! # 183 ; Plants taking up mineral salts, opening/closing pores, transporting nutrient substances, growing, cell division, osmosis, and life! CHEMISTRY OF RESPIRATION # 183 ; Respirometer measures sum of O taken in # 183 ; Energy produced from glucose is linked to adenosine triphosphate ( ATP ) # 183 ; Breakdown of glucose is used to do ATP # 183 ; ATP non Glucose gives energy towards musculus contractions